ÿWPCL ûÿ2BJ|xÐ ` ÐÐÌÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàH øÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÌÐÐ °°°è ÐÑ Âx„|ü@Ž ÑÐ Å@8Ø'@8Ø'Å ÐÕYÏ Ð ` Ð Áà@Á©  ©ƒ Áà<ÁAP IX©128©Eƒ ÁàAÁƒYÕÕYÏ Ð ` Ð Áà@Á©  ©ƒ Áà<ÁAP IX©128©Eƒ ÁàAÁƒYÕÕI (3277) ÕÕI (3277) ÕÐ °è  ÐÁà1ÁÓÓÃÃContents of Recommendation Q.1003Äă ÁàAÁƒ Áà1ÁLOCATION REGISTRATION PROCEDURESƒ 1.ÂðàÂIntroductionÆÆ 2.ÂðàÂDefinitionsÆÆ 3.ÂðàÂProcedures in the MS related toÆÆ ÂààÂlocation registrationÆÆ 4.ÂðàÂProcedures in the MSC/BS related toÆÆ ÂààÂlocation updatingÆÆ 5.ÂðàÂProcedures in the location registersÆÆ Annex A © Organization of the subscriber data ÐÌÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿH øÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÌÐ ÃÃRecommendation Q.1003ÄÄ Áà1ÁLOCATION REGISTRATION PROCEDURESƒ 1.ÁHÁÃÃIntroductionÄÄ Ð   ÐÁHÁThis Recommendation specifies the procedures related to location registration. They include: ÁHÁ©Á  Álocation registration; ÁHÁ©Á  Álocation cancellation; ÁHÁ©Á  Áperiodic registration; and ÁHÁ©Á  ÁIMSI attach/detach. ÁHÁThe procedures in the MS, MSC, VLR and HLR are also given. The procedures utilize the Mobile Application Part (MAP) and details concerning the exchange of information are contained in Recommendation Q.1051. 2.ÁHÁÃÃDefinitionsÄÄ 2.1ÁHÁÃÃLocation registrationÄÄ Ð H ÐÁHÁLocation registration means that the PLMNs keep track of where mobile stations are located in the system area. The location information is stored in functional units called location registers. Functionally there are two types of location registers: ÁHÁ©Âà  Âthe home location register where the current location and all subscriber parameters of a mobile station are permanently stored; andÆÆ ÁHÁ©Âà  Âthe visitor location register where all relevant parameters concerning a mobile station are stored so long as the station is within the area controlled by that visitor location register.ÆÆ ÁHÁSee also Recommendation Q.1001 where the network architecture is described. ÁHÁThe action taken by a mobile station in order to provide location information to the PLMN will be referred to as ÃÃlocation updatingÄÄ. 2.2ÁHÁÃÃLocation area and MSC areaÄÄ ÁHÁThe MSC area is composed of the area covered by all base stations controlled by the MSC. An MSC area may consist of several location areas. ÁHÁA location area is an area in which mobile stations may roam without updating the location registers. A location area consists of one or more base station areas. ÁHÁPaging procedures will be required on the radio path if the location area consists of more than one base station area. The paging procedure is used to determine the base station area in which the MS is located. ÁHÁFor further details of the network architecture and for definitions, see Recommendation Q.1001. 2.3ÁHÁÃÃLocation area identificationÄÄ ÁHÁThe location area idenfication plan is part of the base station identification plan. The base stations should be identified uniquely and the base station identity should include mobile country code, mobile network (PLMN) code, location area code and base station code within the location area where the location area identification consists of the first three elements. Furthermore, it is viewed that based on network considerations, the mobile country code and base station code may be optional in identifying where the location area identification is included in all messages sent on common signalling channels on the radio path. 2.4ÁHÁÃÃIMSI detach/attach operationÄÄ ÁHÁIMSI detach operation is the action taken by an MS to indicate to the PLMN that the station has entered an inactive state (e.g. the station is powered down). IMSI attach operation is the action taken by an MS to indicate that the station has re©entered an active state (e.g. the station is powered up). ÁHÁIMSI detach/attach operation is an optional facility in PLMNs. 2.5ÁHÁÃÃUse of the term mobile station (MS) in this RecommendationÄÄ ÁHÁIn order to simplify the text the term ÃÃmobile station (MS)ÄÄ as used in relation to location registration refers to the entity where the IMSI is stored, i.e., in the card operated MSs the term ÃÃmobile station (MS)ÄÄ refers to the card. 3.ÁHÁÃÃProcedures in the MS related to location registrationÄÄ 3.1ÁHÁÃÃInitiation of location register updatingÄÄ ÁHÁAutomatic location updating should take place as follows. Ô å)ÔŒÁHÁThe mobile station initiates location updating when it detects that it has entered into a new location area. The location area identification should be stored in a non©volatile memory in the MS so that the memory content does not disappear when the MS is turned off. This will avoid unnecessary location updating when the MS is still in the same location area when it is turned on again. ÁHÁIf the MS has lost the location information from memory, it will initiate location updating as soon as it is in an operational state and within radio coverage. ÁHÁLocation updating is also initiated on time©out of the timer T defined in ÀÀ 3.2. ÁHÁLocation updating via manual intervention in the MS is for further study. 3.2ÁHÁÃÃPeriodic location updatingÄÄ ÁHÁA timer T with the following characteristics could be optionally implemented in the MS: ÁHÁi)Âh   Âtimer T is reset to 0 and started when a signalling activity has taken place on the radio path;ÆÆ ÁHÁii)Âð   Âwhen the MS is powered down the current value of T is kept in memory, so that when the MS is powered up the timer starts running from the value thus contained in memory; andÆÆ ÂHHÂÂX  ÂÁ€ HÁÁ€ÁÁHÁiii)Á øÁwhen timer T reaches its time©out value, the MS initiates a location updating.ÆÆ ÁHÁTimer T thus measures the accumulated time between signalling activities in the MS while the MS is in the powered up state. ÁHÁIn order to ensure: ÁHÁi)Âh   Âthat the location of silent and stationary MSs are checked at a reasonable rate; andÆÆ ÁHÁii)Âð   Âthat the timer T does not mature to time©out in the majority of cases.ÆÆ ÁHÁThe time©out value of timer T should be of the order of several hours (e.g. in the range of 12 to 24 hours). See also Recommendation Q.1004. 3.3ÁHÁÃÃReceiving acknowledgement from the PLMNÄÄ ÁHÁThe MS may receive either of the following acknowledgements from the PLMN. ÁHÁi) Âð   ÂÃÃLocation updated, roaming allowedÄÄ. In this case normal call handling operations will take place in the MS.ÆÆ ÁHÁii)Âð   ÂÃÃLocation updated, roaming not allowedÄÄ. In this case, the MS will not be allowed to make calls. The MS should follow the procedure of ÀÀÀÀ 3.1 and 3.2 above. The MS will resume normal operation if it receives a location updated, roaming allowed indication from the PLMN.ÆÆ ÂHHÂÂX  ÂÁ€ HÁÁ€ÁÁHÁiii)Á øÁÃÃUpdating failureÄÄ, indicating that the procedure in the PLMN failed. In this case, the MS should initiate a new updating after a given time. If this attempt fails, the MS should follow the normal procedures of ÀÀÀÀ 3.1 and 3.2. When receiving the updating failure indication, the MS should be capable of normal call handling operation.ÆÆ ÁHÁiv)Âð   ÂÃÃInsufficient identificationÄÄ, indicating that the PLMN was not capable of identifying the MS. The MS should then initiate a new udating using the IMSI. The MS should follow the procedures of ÀÀÀÀ 3.1 and 3.2 above.ÆÆ ÁHÁv)Âh   ÂÃÃNot registeredÄÄ, indicating that the MS is not known in the HLR. The MS should then reject any call attempts from the user. However, the MS should follow the normal procedures of ÀÀÀÀ 3.1 and 3.2.ÆÆ Ð H ÐÂHHÂvi)Âð   ÂÃÃIllegal subscriberÄÄ, indicating that the MS is not allowed access to the system for authenticity reasons. The MS may follow the normal procedures of ÀÀÀÀ 3.1 and 3.2.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð 3.4ÁHÁÃÃProcedure when acknowledgement is not receivedÄÄ Ð   ÐÁHÁIf the MS does not receive an acknowledgement (on layer 3) on an updating request, the MS may retransmit the message three times with at least ten seconds (see ÀÀ 3.5) between consecutive attempts. If the procedure fails also for the third time, the general procedures of ÀÀÀÀ 3.1 and 3.2 should be followed. 3.5ÁHÁÃÃMinimum time between location updatingsÄÄ ÁHÁThe minimum time between consecutive location updatings should be ten seconds in order to avoid erroneous location information to be stored because of delays in the signalling network for information transfer via the mobile application part. 3.6ÁHÁÃÃIMSI detach/attach operationÄÄ ÁHÁIMSI detach/attach operation is an optional facility in PLMNs. The facility is also optional in MSs. Ð X ÐÁHÁThe network should provide an indicator to the MS indicating whether or not IMSI detach/attach operation is allowed in a PLMN. MSs which are not equipped for IMSI detach/attach operation will ignore this indicator. MSs which are equipped for IMSI detach/attach operation shall operate in accordance with the received value of the indicator. ÁHÁWhen IMSI detach/attach operation applies, an MS equipped for this type of operation and located in an area where roaming is allowed should send the IMSI detach signal to the MSC when the MS enters the inactive state (e.g. when the MS is powered down). When the MS again enters the active state, the IMSI attach signal is sent to the PLMN, provided that the MS is still in the same location area. If the location area has changed, the normal location upating of ÀÀ 3.1 shall take place. ÁHÁThe IMSI detach signal will not be acknowledged from the PLMN. ÁHÁThe IMSI attach signal will be acknowledged from the PLMN. If the acknowledgement indicates that the MS is not registered or that the identification is insufficient, the MS should initiate the normal location updating procedure of ÀÀ 3.1. ÁHÁIf the acknowledgement is not received, the MS should retransmit the IMSI attach signal after a given time. If the second attempt fails, the MS shouldÔ ñ,Ô follow the procedure of ÀÀ 3.2. However, in this state the MS is allowed to make calls. 3.7 ÁHÁÃÃLocation updating after handoverÄÄ ÁHÁSee Recommendation Q.1005. 3.8ÁHÁÃÃSDL description of the procedures in the MSÄÄ ÁHÁFigure 1/Q.1003 shows state transition diagrams for procedures in the MS related to location updating. The diagrams are intended for guidance. ÁHÁThe following states are identified: ÁHÁÃÃState 0: inactiveÄÄ ÁHÁThis state would in most cases correspond to the powered down state of an MS. The input signal IMSI attached may correspond to power up of the station. ÁHÁÃÃState 1: Roaming allowed, updatedÄÄ ÁHÁIn this state the MS is fully operational. ÁHÁÃÃState 2: Wait for updatingÄÄ ÁHÁThis is a transitional state where location updating takes place. In this state the MS cannot make or receive calls. ÁHÁÃÃState 3: Wait for IMSI attachedÄÄ ÁHÁ This transitional state is only required in MSs which are designed for IMSI detach/attach operation. In this state the MS cannot make or receive calls. ÁHÁÃÃState 4: Roaming not allowedÄÄ ÁHÁIn this state the MS is not allowed to make calls (except emergency calls) and will not receive calls. ÁHÁÃÃState 5: Not updatedÄÄ ÁHÁThis state is entered if the location updating or IMSI attach procedure fails. In this state the MS will not receive calls. 4.ÁHÁÃÃProcedures in the MSC/BS related to location updatingÄÄ ÁHÁThe MSC/BS will pass messages related to location updating between the MS and the VLR. ÁHÁThe MSC/BS will provide the location area identification and IMSI detach/attach supported information to the MS. ÁàÀAÁFIGURE 1/Q.1003 (Sheet 1 of 5)ƒ ÁàÀPÁƒ ÁàÀ8ÁÃÃLogic procedures in the MS for location updatingÄÄ ƒ ÁàÀPÁƒ ÁàÀAÁFIGURE 1/Q.1003 (Sheet 2 of 5)ƒ ÁàÀPÁƒ ÁàÀ8ÁÃÃLogic procedures in the MS for location updatingÄă ÁàÀPÁƒ ÁàÀAÁFIGURE 1/Q.1003 (Sheet 3 of 5)ƒ ÁàÀPÁƒ ÁàÀ8ÁÃÃLogic procedures in the MS for location updatingÄă ÁàÀPÁƒÁàÀPÁƒ ÁàÀAÁFIGURE 1/Q.1003 (Sheet 4 of 5)ƒ ÁàÀPÁƒÁàÀ8ÁÃÃLogic procedures in the MS for location updatingÄÄ ƒ ÁàÀAÁFIGURE 1/Q.1003 (Sheet 5 of 5)ƒ ÁàÀPÁƒ ÁàÀ8ÁÃÃLogic procedures in the MS for location updatingÄă ÁàÀPÁƒÁàÀPÁƒ 5.ÁHÁÃÃProcedures in the location registersÄÄ 5.1ÁHÁÃÃInformation to be stored in location registersÄÄ ÁHÁThe home and visitor location registers should contain information as defined in Annex A. 5.2ÂàHÂÃÃInformation transfer between MSCs/BSs and the associated visitorÄÄ ÃÃlocation registerÄÄÆÆ ÁHÁThe procedures for information transfer between MSCs/BSs and the associated visitor location registers using Signalling System No. 7 are defined in Recommendation Q.1051. 5.2.1ÁHÁÃÃNormal location updating and IMSI detach/attach operationÄÄ ÁHÁWhen receiving a location register updating message or an IMSI detach/attach message from an MS, the MSC/BS will convey the message to its associated visitor location register. The response from the location register will similarly be conveyed to the MS. 5.2.2ÁHÁÃÃLocation updating as part of call set©upÄÄ ÁHÁLocation registration may also take place during call set©up if the request for call set©up comes from an MS which is not registered in the visited location register. This applies in particular to the case where a previous updating was unsuccessful. In such cases the MSC/BS should not establish the call until the location register updating has been completed. ÁHÁLocation register updating will also take place if the visitor location register receives signalling information from an unknown MS, e.g. a request for activation of a supplementary service. 5.3ÂàHÂÃÃIMSI enquiry procedureÄÄÆÆ ÁHÁThe MS may either identify itself by the IMSI or the TMSI plus location area identification of the previous VLR. In the latter case the new VLR will enquire the IMSI from the previous VLR by methods defined in Recommendation Q.1051. 5.4 ÁHÁÃÃInformation transfer between visitor and home location registersÄÄ 5.4.1 Á  ÁÃÃInterconnection of location registersÄÄ ÁHÁLocation registers may be interconnected by use of Signalling System No. 7 by procedures defined in Recommendation Q.1051. On a national basis other networks may be used for this purpose. 5.4.2 Á  ÁÃÃProcedures for location registrationÄÄ ÁHÁDetailed procedures for exchange of location registration and location register updating information between visitor and home location registers are given in Recommendation Q.1051. Below follows an overview of these procedures. 5.4.2.1 Location updating procedure ÁHÁThis procedure is used when an MS registers with a visitor location register. It will also be used if the visitor location register has to reallocate the mobile station roaming number for an MS (see Recommendation E.213). ÁHÁThe visitor location register provides routing information to the home location register. This information consists of the mobile station roaming number which is used for routing of calls to the MS. ÁHÁThe home location register will then convey the subscriber parameters of the MS which need to be known by the visitor location register for proper call handling. 5.4.2.2 Location cancellation procedure ÁHÁThe procedure is used by the home location register to remove a mobile station from a visitor location register. The procedure will normally be used when the MS has moved to an area controlled by a different location register. The procedure can also be used in other cases, e.g. an MS ceases to be a subscriber of the home PLMN. 5.4.2.3 Deregistration procedure ÁHÁIf supported, the deregistration procedure is initiated by the VLR when it receives an IMSI detach request, see ÀÀ 3.6. The corresponding IMSI is then deleted from the VLR tables. The HLR marks the subscriber as not registered and will reject all calls to that subscriber until a new updating procedure has taken place. 5.4.2.4 Location information requested procedure ÁHÁThis procedure enables a visitor register to enquire whether or not an MS is still to be kept in the register. 5.4.2.5 Location information retrieval procedure ÁHÁBy use of this procedure the home location register may obtain information on which of its MSs are registered with a visitor location register. The procedure may be used after a restart of the location register. The actual use of this procedure is for further study. 5.4.2.6 Reset procedure ÁHÁThe reset procedure is used for recovering from a restart of a home location register. A reset message is sent to visitor location registers so that recovery procedures can be initiated. 5.4.2.7Á  ÁRecovery procedure ÁHÁRecovery and restoration procedures for location registers are defined in Recommendations Q.1004 and Q.1051. ÁHÁRecovery arrangements should be such that MSs with valid subscriptions are not deleted from the HLR as a result of HLR failure. The worst result of an HLR failure will thus be that some MSs are stored with errors in the temporary subscriber data. 5.5 ÃÃOverview state diagrams for location registersÄÄ ÁHÁÃÃFigures 2/Q.1003ÄÄ and ÃÃ3/Q.1003ÄÄ contain overview state transition diagrams for the home location register and the visitor location register, respectively, with regard to one MS. Reset procedures are not included in these diagrams, i.e. only the normal case is shown. ÁHÁThe state description is as follows. ÁHÁi)Á   ÁÃÃHome location registerÄÄ Ô ñ, ԌРH ÐÂHHÂÂX  ÂÃÃState 0: NullÄÄ. In this state the MS has no subscription with theÆÆ ÂHHÂÂX  ÂÂX øÂPLMN. Restart arrangements of the home location register should be such that this state is not reached for any MSs which have a subscription with the PLMN which is valid at the time of the restart.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð Ð H ÐÂHHÂÂX  ÂÃÃState 1: MS not registeredÄÄ. In this state the location of the MSÆÆ ÂHHÂÂX  ÂÂX øÂis not known. The MS is not offered any communication capabilities in this state.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð Ð À ÐÂHHÂÂX  ÂÃÃState 2: MS in visitor location register (VLR), roaming allowed.ÄÄÆÆ Ð À ÐÂHHÂÂX  ÂÂX øÂIn this state the MS is offered communication capabilities in the visitor location register in accordance with those established by the location updating procedure of ÀÀ 5.4.2.1.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð Ð H ÐÂHHÂÂX  ÂÃÃState 3: MS in visitor location register, roaming not allowedÄÄ. ÆÆ ÂHHÂÂX  ÂÂX øÂIn this state the MS is not offered any communication capabilities, except emergency calls, in the visitor location register. The home location register will contain an indication that the MS is in an area where the roaming not allowed condition applies. The visitor location register will not store any information concerning that MS.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð ÁHÁii)Á   ÁÃÃVisitor location registerÄÄ Ð À ÐÂHHÂÂX  ÂÃÃState 0: NullÄÄ. In this state the MS is not known to the visitorÆÆ ÂHHÂÂX  ÂÂX øÂlocation register.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð Ð ° ÐÂHHÂÂX  ÂÃÃState 1: MS in visitor location register, roaming allowedÄÄ. InÆÆ ÂHHÂÂX  ÂÂX øÂthis state the MS is offered communication capabilities in accordance with those established by the location updating procedure of ÀÀ 5.4.2.1.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð Áà2ÁFIGURE 2/Q.1003 (Sheet 1 of 2)ƒ Áà-ÁÃÃState diagram for home location registerÄă ÁàAÁƒ ÁàAÁƒ Áà2ÁFIGURE 3/Q.1003 (Sheet 1 of 2)ƒ ÁàAÁƒ Áà,ÁÃÃState diagram for visitor location registerÄă Áà2ÁFIGURE 3/Q.1003 (Sheet 2 of 2)ƒ ÁàAÁƒ Áà,ÁÃÃState diagram for visitor location registerÄă ÁàAÁƒ 5.6 Á  ÁÃÃAdditional updating proceduresÄÄ Ð  Ð5.6.1    ÃÃRegistration/erasure, activation/deactivation, invocation andÄÄ          ÃÃinterrogation of supplementary servicesÄÄ ÁHÁThe procedures defined in Recommendation Q.1051 enable MSs to register/erase, activate/deactivate, invoke or interrogate supplementary services in the visitor location register. The visitor location register conveys the necessary information to the home location register. 5.6.2 ÃÃUpdating of other parametersÄÄ ÁHÁRecommendation Q.1051 also contains procedures by which the home location register may update any set of subscriber parameters in a Ð à Ðvisitor location register if they are changed when the MS is in the area controlled by that visitor register. This may correspond to changes in subscription or of other parameters such as authentication parameters. 5.7 Á  ÁÃÃCall handling functions of location registersÄÄ 5.7.1 Á  ÁÃÃRetrieval of subscriber parameters on a per call basisÄÄ ÁHÁAll subscriber parameters are stored in the home location register. A subset of these parameters are stored in the visitor location register (see ÃÃAnnex A)ÄÄ. ÁHÁThere are also cases where the visitor location register must obtain subscriber parameters on a per call basis from the home location register of the MS. The procedures are defined in Recommendation Q.1051. 5.7.2 Á  ÁÃÃInterrogation proceduresÄÄ ÁHÁIn fixed networks using the ISDN User Part of Signalling System No. 7 it may be possible for an exchange of the fixed network to retrieve routing information from the home location register of an MS prior to establishing a physical connection for a call. If this is not possible, a gateway MSC will perform this interrogation. ÁàÀNÁANNEX Aƒ ÁàÀQÁƒ ÁàÀDÁ(to Recommendation Q.1003)ƒ ÁàÀQÁƒ ÁàÀBÁÃÃOrganization of subscriber dataÄă A.1ÁHÁÃÃIntroductionÄÄ A.1.1 Á  ÁÃÃDefinitionsÄÄ ÁHÁFor the purpose of this Recommendation the following terms are used. Ð À ÐÂHHÂÃÃMobile station (MS)ÄÄ: either a physical equipment or a card for which subscriber data are stored.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð Ð ° ÐÂHHÂÃÃSubscriber dataÄÄ: all information concerning a specific MS which is required for service provisions, identification, authentication, routing, call handling, charging, operation and maintenance purposes. Some subscriber data are referred to as permanent subscriber data, i.e. they can only be changed by administrative means. Other data are temporary subscriber data which may change as a result of normal operation of the system. Some data are referred to as flexible length data, i.e. further values than those listed may be required in the future.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð A.1.2ÁHÁÃÃStorage facilitiesÄÄ Ð p ÐÁHÁSubscriber data is stored in two types of functional units. Ð H ÐÂHHÂÃÃHome location register (HLR)ÄÄ: which contains all permanent subscriber data and all relevant temporary subscriber data for all MSs permanently registered in the HLR.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð Ð 8 ÐÂHHÂÃÃVisitor location register (VLR)ÄÄ: which contains all subscriber data required for call handling and other purposes for MSs currently located in the area controlled by the VLR.ÆÆ Ð ` Ð Ð  ÐÃÃNoteÄÄ © It is for further study whether other types of functional units containing MS parameters are to be included in this Recommendation or not. Such units could include encryption key distribution centres, maintenance centres, etc. A.2ÁHÁÃÃDefinition of subscriber dataÄÄ A.2.1ÁHÁÃÃData related to identification and numberingÄÄ A.2.1.1Á  ÁÃÃInternational mobile station identity (IMSI)ÄÄ is defined in Recommendation E.212. It consists of three parts MCC, MNC and MSIN. The Ð ° ÐMCC consists of 3 digits and the MNC consists of 1 or 2 digits. The IMSI has variable length depending on national requirements. The maximum length is 15 digits. ÁHÁOnly numerical characters (0 through 9) are used in the IMSI. ÁHÁThe IMSI is permanent subscriber data, and is stored in both the HLR and the VLR. ÃÃNoteÄÄ © The IMSI for mobile PBXs is for further study. Ð ÐA.2.1.2Á  ÁÃÃInternational mobile station numberÄÄ is defined in Recommendation E.213. It is a PSTN/ISDN number and has a variable length which complies with the requirements of the PSTN/ISDN in each country. ÁHÁThe international mobile station number is permanent subscriber data. ÁHÁThe international mobile station number is stored in both the HLR and the VLR. ÃÃNoteÄÄ © Mobile station numbers for mobile PBXs are for further study. A.2.1.3Á  ÁÃÃTemporary mobile station identity (TMSI)ÄÄ is assigned by the VLR and is used for identification of an MS within the area controlled by the VLR. The purpose of the TMSI is to support location confidentiality to mobile subscribers. TMSIs may not be allocated to all MSs, e.g. if the location confidentiality service is offered only on a subscription basis. ÁHÁThe TMSI is temporary subscriber data. ÁHÁThe TMSI is stored in the VLR. A.2.2ÁHÁÃÃData related to mobile station typesÄÄ A.2.2.1Á  ÁÃÃMobile station categoryÄÄ comprises the following categories: ÁHÁFor further study. ÁHÁOnly one category is assigned for each MS. ÁHÁMobile station category is permanent subscriber data. ÁHÁThe length of the parameter is one octet. ÁHÁMobile station category is stored in the HLR and the VLR. A.2.2.2Á  ÁÃÃMode of operationÄÄ defines whether or not the MS is card operated. Only two possibilities exist: ÁHÁ©Á  Ácard operated; and ÁHÁ©Á  Ánot card operated. ÁHÁMode of operation is permanent subscriber data. ÁHÁThe mode of operation is stored in the HLR and the VLR. ÃÃNoteÄÄ © It is for further study whether this data is required or not. A.2.2.3.Á  ÁÃÃPreferenceÄÄ indicates whether or not an MS is given preference access to the PLMN under certain circumstances. This point is for further study. ÁHÁPreference is permanent subscriber data. ÁHÁPreference is stored in the HLR and the VLR. A.2.3ÁHÁÃÃData related to authenticationÄÄ ÁHÁFor further study. A.2.4ÁHÁÃÃData related to roamingÄÄ A.2.4.1Á  ÁÃÃMobile station roaming numberÄÄ is defined in Recommendation E.213. It is a PSTN/ISDN number and has a variable length which complies with the requirements of theÔ ñ,Ô PSTN/ISDN in each country. ÁHÁThe mobile station roaming number is temporary subscriber data. ÁHÁThe mobile station roaming number is stored in the HLR and the VLR. A.2.4.2Á  ÁÃÃLocation area identificationÄÄ consists of three parts: MCC, MNC and LAC, where MCC is the Mobile Country Code and MNC is the Mobile Network Code of Recommendation E.212 and LAC is a Location Area Code identifying a location area within a PLMN. MCC and MNC are composed of numerical characters (0 through 9). LAC may have a variable length and may be coded using full haxadecimal representation. ÁHÁThe overall length of the location area identification is for further study. ÁHÁThe location area identification is temporary subscriber data. ÁHÁThe location area identification is stored in the VLR. It may also be required in the HLR; this is for further study. A.2.4.3Á  ÁÃÃVLR addressÄÄ is a PSTN/ISDN number and has variable length which complies with the requirements of the PSTN/ISDN in each country. ÁHÁThe VLR address is temporary subscriber data. ÁHÁThe VLR address is stored in HLR. A.2.5ÁHÁÃÃData related to supplementary servicesÄÄ ÁHÁFor further study. A.2.6ÁHÁÃÃMobile station status dataÄÄ A.2.6.1Á  ÁÃÃMS registered/deregisteredÄÄ is a parameter indicating whether the MS is in the registered or deregistered state. The parameter takes the following values: ÁHÁ©Á  Áregistered, or ÁHÁ©Á  Ánot registered. ÁHÁThe parameter is temporary subscriber data. ÁHÁThe parameter is stored in the HLR. A.2.7ÁHÁÃÃOther subscriber dataÄÄ ÁHÁThis is for further study. A.3ÁHÁÃÃSubscriber data stored in HLRÄÄ ÁHÁThe following information should be stored in the HLR for each MS: ÁHÁi)Á   Áinternational mobile station identity (ÀÀ A.2.1.1); ÁHÁii)Á   Áinternational mobile station number (ÀÀ A.2.1.2); ÁHÁiii)Á øÁmobile station roaming number (ÀÀ A.2.4.1); Ð H ÐÂHHÂiv)Âð   Âmobile station category (ÀÀ A.2.2.1) and mode of operation (ÀÀ A.2.2.2);ÆÆ Ð ` Ð ÁHÁv)Á   Ápreference (if implemented) (ÀÀ A.2.2.3); ÁHÁvi)Á   Áauthentication parameters (ÀÀ A.2.3); ÁHÁvii)Á øÁVLR address (if received) (ÀÀ A.2.4.3); Ð   ÐÁHÁviii)Á øÁlocation area identification (if required) (ÀÀ A.2.4.2); ÁHÁix)Á   Ásupplementary service type (ÀÀ A.2.5.1.1); ÁHÁx)Á   Ámobile station status data (ÀÀ A.2.6); and ÁHÁxi)Á   Áother subscriber data, if required (ÀÀ A.2.7). A.4ÁHÁÃÃSubscriber data stored in VLRÄÄ Ð X ÐÁHÁThe following information should be stored in the VLR for each visiting MS: ÁHÁi)Á   Áinternational mobile station identity (ÀÀ A.2.1.1); ÁHÁii)Á   Áinternational mobile station number (ÀÀ A.2.1.2); ÁHÁiii)Á øÁmobile station roaming number (ÀÀ A.2.4.1); ÁHÁiv)Á   Átemporary mobile station identity (ÀÀ A.2.1.3); Ð H ÐÂHHÂv)Âh   Âmobile station category (ÀÀ A.2.2.1) and mode of operation (ÀÀ A.2.2.2.);ÆÆ Ð ` Ð ÁHÁvi)Á   Ápreference (if implemented) (ÀÀ A.2.2.3); ÁHÁvii)Á øÁauthentication parameters (ÀÀ A.2.3); ÁHÁviii)Á øÁlocation area identification (ÀÀ A.2.4.2); and ÁHÁix)Á   Áother subscriber data, if required (ÀÀ A.2.7). Õ-I CCITT\APIX\128E3.TXS -ÕÕ,I CCITT\APIX\128E3.TXS ,ÕÐ X ÐA.5ÁHÁÃÃAccessing subscriber dataÄÄ Ð X ÐÁHÁIt should be possible to retrieve or store subscriber data concerning a specific MS from the HLR by use of each of the following references: ÁHÁ©Á  Áinternational mobile station identity; or ÁHÁ©Á  Áinternational mobile station number. ÁHÁIt should be possible to retrieve or store subscriber data concerning a specific MS from the VLR by use of each of the following references: ÁHÁ©Á  Áinternational mobile station identity; ÁHÁ©Á  Ámobile station roaming number; or Ô å)ÔŒÁHÁ©Á  Átemporary mobile station identity.